Food

Ice Cream
I scream! For... I forgot.
 * Hunger Restored: 4
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Speed II for 2m
 * Special Effects: None
 * Method of Obtaining: Place a Bowl in the centre. Place 3 Crushed Ice adjacent to the Bowl, except for in the south cardinal direction.

Banana
Become a monkey! (Not really.)
 * Hunger Restored: 1
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Jump Boost II for 15s
 * Special Effects: If you try to hit a mob with this (and you're in range), you'll hilariously squander one banana by throwing it at the entity. It's like hitting a mob with most items, except you lose a banana.
 * Method of Obtaining:

Banana Split

 * Hunger Restored: 8
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Speed I for 30s; Jump Boost II for 30s
 * Special Effects: None
 * Method of Obtaining: Despite it being a combination of Banana and Ice Cream, it is currently uncraftable.

Rice

 * Hunger Restored: 2
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: None
 * Special Effects: Takes about half the time to eat per item (16 ticks per item).
 * Method of Obtaining: Place a Bowl in the centre. Place 3 Wheat adjacent to the Bowl, except for in the south cardinal direction.

Sushi

 * Hunger Restored: 4
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Strength I 30s; Resistance I 30s; (In future version, Water Breathing I 30s is added)
 * Special Effects: Takes about half the time to eat per item (16 ticks per item).
 * Method of Obtaining: In the first row, place 3 of any kind of fish you want. In the second row, place 3 bowls of Rice. This will yield 6 Sushi.

Golden Sushi

 * Hunger Restored: 8
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Immunity I 2m; Strength II 1m; Absorption V 2m; Clarity II 2m; Saturation II 2m; Regeneration III 2m; Invulnerability I 3s; (In future version, Water Breathing I 2m is added)
 * Special Effects: Takes about half the time to eat per item (16 ticks per item). Can be eaten even when completely full.
 * Method of Obtaining: Surround one Sushi with 8 Gold Blocks. This will yield 3 Golden Sushi.

Exotic Fruit

 * Hunger Restored: 9
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Regeneration VII 4s
 * Special Effects: Can be eaten even when completely full.
 * Method of Obtaining:

Gooey Fruit

 * Hunger Restored: 6
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Resurrection IV 45s (Current source code puts the duration between 30s-90s)
 * Special Effects: Can be eaten even when completely full.
 * Method of Obtaining: Surround Exotic Fruit with 8 Sap.

Nasty Fruit
Nasty = healthy, apparently.
 * Hunger Restored: 4
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Immunity I 2m
 * Special Effects: Can be eaten even when completely full.
 * Method of Obtaining: Surround Exotic Fruit with 4 Ectoplasm in adjacent tiles and 4 Bone Marrow in the corners.

Sky Fruit

 * Hunger Restored: 4
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Flight I 2m
 * Special Effects: Can be eaten even when completely full.
 * Method of Obtaining: Surround Exotic Fruit with 8 Wisp Particles.

Bone Marrow
Looks like you'll get that transplant after all.
 * Hunger Restored: 2
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: 50% chance of Wither I 30s
 * Special Effects: Drunken instead of eaten.
 * Method of Obtaining: Place a Bowl in the centre. Place 3 Bonemeal adjacent to the Bowl, except for in the south cardinal direction.

Tentacle (Future release)
Its molesting days are over.
 * Hunger Restored: 3
 * Saturation Restored:
 * Potion Effects: Water Breathing I 20s
 * Special Effects: Takes 32 ticks to eat.
 * Method of Obtaining: Maim squids.